Tutorial 1, DirectX using C#

DirectX using C#

Tutorial 1

The Blue Window

1. Create a new project in C#
2. Add reference to Microsoft.DirectX
3. Add reference to Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D
4.  Add reference to Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3DX

Copy paste the code provided at the end, following are highlights and explanation to a few code chunk

Under Form1 we will have a nested class 'CosmicX' which will be our framework.
 

using Microsoft.DirectX;
using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
using D3D = Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;

1. Set form style to opaque

SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles.Opaque, true);

Try skipping this line and you will come to know about its importance...

2. Turn on lightening

this.device.RenderState.Lighting = true;

We'll be rendering DirectX meshes (.X file). Most of them have a material on them, which can be thought of color of mesh. Lightening enables material rendering. So, its important to turn it on.

3. Our Render Call Back

public void RenderX()
        {
            this.device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Color.DarkSlateBlue, 1.0f, 0);
            this.device.BeginScene();
            this.device.RenderState.Ambient = Color.DarkGray; 

//We'll render objects here

            this.device.EndScene();
            this.device.Present();
            this.form.Invalidate();
        }

1. Clear the screen and paint it blue
2. Render objects
3. Invalidate form [back to point 1.] 

Output

 

Complete Code

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.DirectX;
using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
using D3D = Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;

namespace XBasic
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        class cosmicX
        {
            #region -FIELDS-
            D3D.Device device;
            Form form;
            float aspectRatio;
            #endregion
            #region -Properties-
            public D3D.Device Device
            {
                get { return device; }
                set { device = value; }
            }
            #endregion
            #region -Methods-
            public cosmicX(Form f)
        {
            
            this.form = f;
            D3D.PresentParameters presentParams = new D3D.PresentParameters();
            presentParams.Windowed = true;
            presentParams.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard;
            presentParams.AutoDepthStencilFormat = DepthFormat.D16;
            presentParams.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
            this.Device = new D3D.Device(0, D3D.DeviceType.Hardware, f, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParams);
            calculateAspectRatio();
        }
        void calculateAspectRatio()
        {
            this.device.RenderState.Lighting = true;

            this.device.Lights[0].Type = LightType.Directional;
            this.device.Lights[0].Diffuse = Color.White;
            this.device.Lights[0].Direction = new Vector3(1, 1, -1);
            this.device.Lights[0].Update();
            this.device.Lights[0].Enabled = true;

            this.device.Lights[1].Type = LightType.Directional;
            this.device.Lights[1].Diffuse = Color.White;
            this.device.Lights[1].Direction = new Vector3(-1, -1, -1);
            this.device.Lights[1].Update();
            this.device.Lights[1].Enabled = true;
            this.aspectRatio = (float)form.Width / (float)form.Height;
            this.device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH((float)Math.PI / 4, this.aspectRatio, 0.3f, 500f);

        }
        public void RenderX()
        {
            this.device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Color.DarkSlateBlue, 1.0f, 0);
            this.device.BeginScene();
            this.device.RenderState.Ambient = Color.DarkGray;
            this.device.EndScene();
            this.device.Present();
            this.form.Invalidate();
        }
            #endregion

        }
        cosmicX X;
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles.Opaque, true);
            X = new cosmicX(this);
        }
        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnPaint(e);
            X.RenderX();
        }
    }
}